Can tuberculosis cause epididymitis?
Tuberculous epididymitis can be the only manifestation of genitourinary tuberculosis. Therefore, even in the absence of clinical and laboratory markers of renal and urologic tuberculosis, all men with identifed epididymal lesions should undergo a fine needle aspiration biopsy. Kim et al.
What are the symptoms of testicular TB?
Testicular tuberculosis (TB) is a rare form of genitourinary TB. It is usually presented as painful or painless testicular swelling with or without scrotal ulceration or discharging sinus. Infertility may occur. Epididymal involvement is usually seen in testicular TB.
What is tuberculous epididymo-orchitis?
Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis is an important manifestation of genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB). 1. Many cases coexist with pulmonary TB or tuberculosis of other parts of lower genitourinary system including bladder, ureter and prostate.
What is the most common site of testicular TB?
Epididymis and testes The epididymis are the commonest site of involvement in male genital Tb and is involved in 48.9% of patients with GUTB, which can be the first or the only presenting feature (4,19).
What does the epididymis look like?
The epididymis is a long, coiled tube that stores sperm and transports it from the testes. It appears as a curved structure on the posterior (back) margin of each testis. It is comprised of three sections. These are the head, body,and tail.
How is genitourinary tuberculosis diagnosed?
Intravenous pyelography (IVP) and voiding cystography are the standard studies for renal TB, which may show findings like strictures throughout the collecting system, calcifications, and hydronephrosis. Other imaging techniques like CT scans and ultrasonography can be done for advanced disease.
What is chronic epididymitis?
Chronic epididymitis can be defined as symptoms of discomfort and/or pain at least 3 months in duration in the scrotum, testicle, or epididymis localized to one or each epididymis on clinical examination.
What is granulomatous orchitis?
Idiopathic granulomatous orchitis is a rare inflammatory process of the testis of unknown etiology. It is characterized by presence of non-specific granulomatous inflammation and admixed multinucleated giant cells. It usually presents as a testicular mass which is highly suspicious of malignancy.
How do you get tuberculosis of the testis?
Genital tuberculosis usually spreads retrograde from the prostate and seminal vesicles to the vas, epididymis, and testis. Tuberculosis of the testis occurs secondary to direct invasion from a tuberculous epididymis, and rarely has been reported as a solitary occurrence.
How is epididymitis diagnosed?
Ultrasound. This imaging test might be used to rule out testicular torsion. Ultrasound with color Doppler can determine if the blood flow to your testicles is lower than normal — indicating torsion — or higher than normal, which helps confirm the diagnosis of epididymitis.
Which best describes epididymis?
The epididymis is a narrow, tightly-coiled tube connecting rear of the testicles to the deferent duct (ductus deferens or vas deferens). The epididymis consists of three parts: head, body, and tail. The head of the epididymis is located on superior pole of testis. It stores sperm for maturation.
What are known absolutely reliable signs of tuberculosis of urinary organs?
The most common symptoms of GUTB, in descending order of frequency, include increased frequency of urination (during the day initially but at night later in the disease course), dysuria, frank pain, suprapubic pain, blood or pus in the urine, and fever.
What is tuberculosis epididymitis and what causes it?
Tuberculosis epididymitis usually starts in the tail of the epididymis, either because it has a greater blood supply or because, along with the vas deferens, it is the first portion to be involved by urinary reflux [ 2, 6, 7 ].
What is the sonography of tuberculosis epididymitis?
Sonography of Tuberculosis Epididymitis Tuberculosis epididymitis usually starts in the tail of the epididymis, either because it has a greater blood supply or because, along with the vas deferens, it is the first portion to be involved by urinary reflux [ 2, 6, 7 ].
What is the treatment for tuberculous epididymitis?
Usually, in the process of curing tuberculous epididymitis, traditional Chinese medicine employs the clearing-away-heat-and-toxic material type of drugs to eliminate tubercle bacillus, and it is recommended to use with the promoting-blood-circulation-and-activating-Qi type of drugs and softening-hard-lumps-and-dispelling-nodes type of drugs to c…
What is the prevalence of tuberculosis orchitis without epididymal involvement?
Isolated tuberculosis orchitis from hematogenous spread without epididymal involvement is rare [ 7, 8 ].