Can tenofovir cause gynecomastia?
The NRTI backbone at the time of gynaecomastia onset was tenofovir and lamivudine/emtricitabine in 40 (78%) of patients, stavudine and lamivudine in 5 (10%), abacavir and lamivudine in 4 (8%), zidovudine and lamivudine in 1 (2%) of patients and unknown NRTI backbone in 1 (2%) patient.
Is rilpivirine an Nnrti?
Rilpivirine is a new non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that is approved for HIV-1 treatment-naive adult patients in combination with other antiretroviral agents. The recommended dose is a 25 mg tablet once daily taken orally with a meal.
How does rilpivirine compare to efavirenz?
Rilpivirine is better tolerated, less toxic and more durable than efavirenz when used as part of a first-line antiretroviral regimen, investigators from Italy report in HIV Medicine.
Why is efavirenz better than dolutegravir?
The integrase inhibitor dolutegravir reduces HIV viral load to less than 50 copies per mL after a median of 28 days in non-pregnant adults, compared with 84 days for efavirenz.
Which drugs can cause gynecomastia?
The drugs definitely associated with the onset of gynecomastia are spironolactone, cimetidine, ketoconazole, hGH, estrogens, hCG, anti-androgens, GnRH analogs and 5-α reductase inhibitors.
Which ARV drug causes gynecomastia?
[2-4] The antiretrovirals that have been implicated with gynaecomastia include stavudine and didanosine, but the most consistent association has been noted with efavirenz [2-3]. Gynaecomastia may either be unilateral or bilateral and may also be associated with pain.
What class of drug is rilpivirine?
Rilpivirine is in a class of medications called non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). It works by decreasing the amount of HIV in the blood.
Can I switch from efavirenz to dolutegravir?
It is known that 400mg of efavirenz is just as effective so it may be possible to decrease the dose and therefore the side effects with no ill effects. The new guidelines will state that patients can only be switched to dolutegravir if they have a suppressed viral load result within the past six months.
Why is efavirenz being phased out?
Neuropsychiatric adverse effects are by far the most common reasons for discontinuation. Discontinuation occurs late in the course of treatment suggesting persistence of central nervous system toxicity, which may impact quality of life negatively on a long-term basis.
Will increasing testosterone reduce gynecomastia?
In men who have low T, treatment with testosterone replacement therapy can resolve gynecomastia.
Does testosterone cause gynecomastia?
Gynecomastia is triggered by a decrease in the amount of the hormone testosterone compared with estrogen. The decrease can be caused by conditions that block the effects of testosterone, reduce testosterone or increase your estrogen level.
Does efavirenz cause gynecomastia?
Gynecomastia has been recognized as an adverse event to efavirenz. It is defined as breast enlargement due to benign proliferation of glandular tissue [2] and an association with efavirenz-based ART has been demonstrated by several studies [3,4,5].
How does rilpivirine affect adipocyte morphology?
The results indicated that exposure of cells to concentrations of rilpivirine up to 2 μM had no effect on the acquisition of an adipocyte morphology, as evidenced by unaltered lipid accumulation in cells. In contrast, 2 μM efavirenz caused a significant decrease in adipogenic differentiation (Fig. 1).
Does rilpivirine work against HIV?
This drug is active against both wild-type HIV-1 and a wide variety of first-generation NNRTI. Rilpivirine has a highly favorable pharmacokinetics profile, but, because its absorption depends on gastric pH, it should be administered with food to ensure correct absorption.
Does rilpivirine interact with other medications or inhibitors?
Rilpivirine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and consequently potential interactions should be considered when it is administered with P450 (CYP) 3A inducers or inhibitors.
What is rilpivirine?
Rilpivirine is an antiviral medicine that prevents human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) from multiplying in your body. Rilpivirine is used to treat HIV, the virus that can cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Rilpivirine is not a cure for HIV or AIDS. Rilpivirine is for use in adults and children who are…