What are some examples of collective behavior?
Examples of collective behavior may include a crowd doing the wave at a football game, a group of people forming around a street preacher, or even widespread interest in a new fad or product, like silly bands. I will explain collective behavior in sociology through three main forms: the crowd, the mob, and the riot.
What are Smelser’s six factors that produce collective behavior?
In Smelser’s original formulation, there were six determinants of collec- tive behavior, The determinants are labeled structural conduciveness, struc- tural strain, growth and spread of a generalized belief, precipitating factors, mobilization of participants for action, and the operation of social control.
What is an example of value-added theory?
For example, in the process of converting iron ore into automobiles, each stage “adds value” to the final product (Smelser, 1963). Similarly, Smelser asserted, six conditions are necessary and sufficient to produce social movements when they combine or interact in a particular situation.
What is an example of emergent norm theory?
Thus, for example, the ’emergent norm theory of crowds’ suggests that, although crowds consist of individuals with different attitudes, motives (see vocabularies of motive), and values, the ambiguity of the crowd situation encourages the development of a group norm (for that particular circumstance) which creates an …
Which of the following is one of the conditions from Smelser’s model of collective behavior?
Smelser wrote that social movements and other collective behavior occur if and only if several conditions are present. One of these conditions is structural strain, which refers to problems in society that cause people to be angry and frustrated.
What is an example of a expressive crowd?
Expressive crowd comes together to express the strong emotions for a certain issue. For example, people at weddings, funerals, political rallies, etc. Acting crowd engage in violent and destructive behaviour.
What is Smelser’s theory?
Smelser’s Structural-Strain Theory structural-strain theory. Smelser wrote that social movements and other collective behavior occur when several conditions are present. One of these conditions is structural strain, which refers to problems in society that cause people to be angry and frustrated.
Which of the following is a good example of a collectivity?
Frequency: The definition of collectivity means individuals who are considered as a whole group. An example of collectivity is a gathering of all the people in a town. The people considered as a body or whole.
How does value-added theory explain collective behavior?
Value-added theory argues that collective behavior results when several conditions exist, including structural strain, generalized beliefs, precipitating factors, and lack of social control. All these conditions must exist for collective behavior to occur.
Which one of the following is an example of a new social movement?
A NSM may, however adopt the tactic of a protest campaign as part of its strategy for achieving wider-ranging change. Examples of those new movements include the women’s movement, the ecology movement, gay rights movement and various peace movements, among others.
What does emergent norm mean?
Emergent norm theory hypothesizes that nontraditional behavior (such as that associated with collective action) develops in crowds as a result of the emergence of new behavioral norms in response to a precipitating crisis.
What is an example of social control?
Individual examples of social control include: Shaming individuals who have engaged in crime by exposing them through public media such as newspapers. Acknowledging accomplishments of individuals who have contributed to society or reached certain milestones such as a specific level of education.
Does collective behavior always occur when Smelser’s factors are true?
However, collective behavior does not always occur when Smelser’s factors do hold true. The theory has also been criticized for being a bit vague; for example, it does not say how much strain a society must have for collective behavior to take place (Rule, 1988).
What is an example of collective behavior?
Other examples are a group of commuters traveling home from work and a population of teens adopting a favorite singer’s hairstyle. In short, collective behavior is any group behavior that is not mandated or regulated by an institution. There are three primary forms of collective behavior: the crowd, the mass, and the public.
What conditions add to the likelihood that collective behavior will occur?
Each condition adds to the likelihood that collective behavior will occur. The first condition is structural conduciveness, which occurs when people are aware of the problem and have the opportunity to gather, ideally in an open area.
What is the Emergent norm theory of collective behavior?
Just after the mid-20th century, Ralph H. Turner and Lewis M. Killian (1957) presented their emergent norm theory of collective behavior, which downplayed the irrationality emphasized in earlier decades by Le Bon and other intellectuals.