What is CREB gene?
CREB is a transcription factor that regulates diverse cellular responses, including proliferation, survival, and differentiation. CREB is induced by a variety of growth factors and inflammatory signals and subsequently mediates the transcription of genes containing a cAMP-responsive element.
What is the role of CREB?
The CREB as a nuclear transcription factor binds to CRE (cAMP response element), regulating transcription activity of its downstream substrates, which regulate neuronal processes, including metabolism and survival and expression of different transcription factors and growth factors.
What is CREB in cell signaling?
CREB is a bZIP transcription factor that activates target genes through cAMP response elements. CREB is able to mediate signals from numerous physiological stimuli, resulting in regulation of a broad array of cellular responses.
What genes are regulated by CREB?
Genes whose transcription is regulated by CREB include: c-fos, BDNF, tyrosine hydroxylase, numerous neuropeptides (such as somatostatin, enkephalin, VGF, corticotropin-releasing hormone), and genes involved in the mammalian circadian clock (PER1, PER2).
What does CREB 2 do?
CREB-2 has been shown to negatively regulate transcription from the human enkephalin promoter CRE (21) and has therefore been postulated to function as a specific repressor of CRE-dependent transcription.
What genes does CREB regulate?
How does CREB affect memory?
CREB’s affects memory consolidation through its regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), which mainly occurs in the hippocampal subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG). This mechanism provides a novel perspective on memory consolidation within the adult hippocampus.
How is CREB regulated?
Although CREB is mainly regulated through phosphorylation, alternate CREB regulatory mechanisms have been reported, including acetylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, and glycosylation (Lu et al.
Where is CREB expressed?
the brain
CREB proteins are expressed in many animals, including humans. CREB has a well-documented role in neuronal plasticity and long-term memory formation in the brain and has been shown to be integral in the formation of spatial memory.
What activates CREB?
CREB proteins are activated by phosphorylation from various kinases, including PKA, and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases on the Serine 133 residue. When activated, CREB protein recruits other transcriptional coactivators to bind to CRE promoter 5′ upstream region.
Is CREB an enhancer?
CRE elements have been identified in the promoters and enhancers of many T cell-specific genes, including TCRα, TCR Vβ, CD3δ, CD8α, IL-2, CD25/IL-2Rα, and IL-2Rγ, suggesting that CREB plays a role in T cell function (10, 46–51).
What Happens When CREB is phosphorylated?
Upon phosphorylation, CREB forms a functionally active dimer that binds the cis-acting CRE element within the promoters of target genes. Immediate-early genes, such as c-fos, Bcl-2, the IAPs, nNOS, and BDNF are important to neuronal survival and are gene targets of CREB.
What is the CREB1 gene?
Entrez Gene Summary for CREB1 Gene. This gene encodes a transcription factor that is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA binding proteins. This protein binds as a homodimer to the cAMP-responsive element, an octameric palindrome.
What is the function of CREB?
The function of CREB can be modulated via a signalling pathway resulting from the binding of serotonin and noradrenaline to post-synaptic G-protein coupled receptors. Dysfunction of these neurotransmitters is also implicated in major depressive disorder. CREB is also thought to be involved in the growth of some types of cancer.
How does CREB increase or decrease gene transcription?
It binds to certain DNA sequences called cAMP response elements (CRE), thereby increasing or decreasing the transcription of the genes. CREB was first described in 1987 as a cAMP -responsive transcription factor regulating the somatostatin gene.
What is CREB and CREB-TF?
CREB (top) is a transcription factor capable of binding DNA (bottom) and regulating gene expression. CREB-TF (CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein) is a cellular transcription factor.