What is effective fade margin?
A fade margin of 10 dB is an absolute minimum. This would only be acceptable for links less than 3 miles or so. Up to 5 miles should have at least a 15 dB fade margin, and links greater than that should be higher. A fade margin of 25 dB is recommended for links greater than 5 miles.
What is fast fading?
Fast fading occurs when the coherence time of the channel is small relative to the delay requirement of the application. In this case, the amplitude and phase change imposed by the channel varies considerably over the period of use.
What is slow fading margin?
To minimize the effect of shadow fading and ensure a certain edge coverage probability, certain allowances must be made. This is called the “slow fading margin”, or the “shadow fading margin”. Figure below shows the relationship between the slow fading margin and cell edge probability.
How do you calculate path loss in LTE?
The maximum path loss allows the maximum cell range to be estimated with a suitable propagation model….2.2. Uplink Budget.
| Data rate (kbps) | 64 | |
|---|---|---|
| k | Cable Loss (dB) | 2.0 |
| l | RX antenna gain (dBi) | 18.0 |
| m | MHA gain (dB) | 2.0 |
| Maximum path loss | 163.4 = d – i – j – k + l – m |
What is fast fading margin?
In telecommunication, the term fade margin (fading margin) has the following meanings: A design allowance that provides for sufficient system gain or sensitivity to accommodate expected fading, for the purpose of ensuring that the required quality of service is maintained.
How fade margin can be increased?
Increase antenna height to get the antenna above obstacles. Select antennas with higher gain. Reduce the radio data rate to get better receiver sensitivity. Add a repeater between the sites.
What is fading in LTE?
In most case, the quality of the combined signal at the reciever gets poorer (deteriorated) than the original signal. This kind of process of signal deterioration by the multiple propogation path of a signal is called ‘Fading’.
What are the reasons for fast fading?
Fast Fading: It occurs mainly due to reflections for surfaces and movement of transmitter or receiver. High doppler spread is observed in the fast fading with Doppler bandwidth comparable to or greater than the bandwidth of the signal and the channel variations are as fast or faster than the signal variations.
How do I increase my fade margin?
Fade Margin in Data Radios
- Increase antenna height to get the antenna above obstacles.
- Select antennas with higher gain.
- Reduce the radio data rate to get better receiver sensitivity.
- Add a repeater between the sites.
What is path loss in LTE?
The path loss is defined as the ratio of the transmit power to the receive power. In a link budget, this refers to the largest transmit power that the transmitter can send and the smallest receive power at which the receiver can recover the original information.
What is fading margin in wireless communication?
What is fade margin in wireless?
Fade margin is the amount of additional path loss over the median path loss that will cause the system performance to fall below an acceptable level. The relevant levels are usually determined using power levels calculated at the input to the receiver.
How fast is the fastest 4G data?
Maximum 4G speeds cap out at 1000 Mbps down, and 500 Mbps up, so if you get anything approaching these speeds, you are on the true cutting edge, even though the specs were laid down over a decade ago. Of course, all this assumes you have optimized 4G or LTE signal.
What is the difference between fast fading and receive signal?
Fast fading is result of reflections of local objects and motion of objects relative to those objects. In fast fading, receive signal is sum of numerous signals which are reflected from various surfaces.
What is large scale fading in wireless communication?
Large scale fading occurs when an obstacle comes in between transmitter and receiver. This interference type causes significant amount of signal strength reduction. This is because EM wave is shadowed or blocked by the obstacle. It is related to large fluctuations of the signal over distance.
What are the different types of fading in mobile networks?
Based on doppler spread there are two types of fading viz. fast fading and slow fading. These doppler spread fading types depend on mobile speed i.e. speed of receiver with respect to transmitter. The phenomenon of fast fading is represented by rapid fluctuations of signal over small areas (i.e. bandwidth).