What is hangout interval?
The duration of the “hangout interval” is a measure of impedance in the pulmonary artery system. In the highly compliant (low-resistance, high-capacitance) pulmonary vascular bed, the hangout interval may vary from 30 to 120 msec, contributing significantly to the duration of right ventricular ejection.
What are the four heart sounds?
In a healthy adult, the heart makes two sounds, commonly described as ‘lub’ and ‘dub. ‘ The third and fourth sounds may be heard in some healthy people, but can indicate impairment of the heart function. S1 and S2 are high-pitched and S3 and S4 are low-pitched sounds.
What causes a split S2 heart sound?
It is caused when the closure of the aortic valve (A2) and the closure of the pulmonary valve (P2) are not synchronized during inspiration. The second heart sound (S2) is caused by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves, which causes vibration of the valve leaflets and the adjacent structures.
What is the second heart sound called?
The second heart sound, or S2, forms the “dub” of “lub-dub” and is composed of components A2 (aortic valve closure) and P2 (pulmonary valve closure).
What is A2 and P2 heart sounds?
The second heart sound (S2) is produced by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves. The sound produced by the closure of the aortic valve is termed A2, and the sound produced by the closure of the pulmonic valve is termed P2.
What is S3 and S4?
The third and fourth heart sound (S3 and S4) are two abnormal heart sound components which are proved to be indicators of heart failure during diastolic period.
What S4 means?
S4 represents rapid active ventricular filling. Occurs as atria contract during late diastole.
What causes S3 and S4 heart sounds?
CLINICAL PEARL: A S4 heart sound occurs during active LV filling when atrial contraction forces blood into a noncompliant LV. Therefore, any condition that creates a noncompliant LV will produce a S4, while any condition that creates an overly compliant LV will produce a S3, as described above.
What is the lub dub?
Listen to the Lub-Dub This sound comes from the valves shutting on the blood inside the heart. The first sound (the lub) happens when the mitral and tricuspid valves close. The next sound (the dub) happens when the aortic and pulmonary valves close after the blood has been squeezed out of the heart.
What does S4 mean?
The fourth heart sound (S4), also known as the “atrial gallop,” occurs just before S1 when the atria contract to force blood into the left ventricle. If the left ventricle is noncompliant, and atrial contraction forces blood through the atrioventricular valves, a S4 is produced by the blood striking the left ventricle.