What is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis?
Pathophysiology of Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis tends to occlude local blood vessels, which causes bone necrosis and local spread of infection. Infection may expand through the bone cortex and spread under the periosteum, with formation of subcutaneous abscesses that may drain spontaneously through the skin.
Can osteomyelitis affect the heart?
Increased risk of coronary heart disease in patients with chronic osteomyelitis: a population-based study in a cohort of 23 million.
What is the main cause of osteomyelitis?
Most cases of osteomyelitis are caused by staphylococcus bacteria, types of germs commonly found on the skin or in the nose of even healthy individuals. Germs can enter a bone in a variety of ways, including: The bloodstream.
What occurs in osteomyelitis?
Osteomyelitis is inflammation or swelling that occurs in the bone. It can result from an infection somewhere else in the body that has spread to the bone, or it can start in the bone — often as a result of an injury. Osteomyelitis is more common in younger children (five and under) but can happen at any age.
What are the two types of osteomyelitis?
Traditionally, osteomyelitis is a bone infection that has been classified into three categories: (1) a bone infection that has spread through the blood stream (Hematogenous osteomyelitis) (2) osteomyelitis caused by bacteria that gain access to bone directly from an adjacent focus of infection (seen with trauma or …
What happens to bone in osteomyelitis?
Osteomyelitis is a bone infection caused by bacteria or fungi. It causes painful swelling of bone marrow, the soft tissue inside your bones. Without treatment, swelling from this bone infection can cut off blood supply to your bone, causing bone to die.
Can osteomyelitis cause heart failure?
What are the complications of osteomyelitis?
Some of the complications of osteomyelitis include:
- Bone abscess (pocket of pus)
- Bone necrosis (bone death)
- Spread of infection.
- Inflammation of soft tissue (cellulitis)
- Blood poisoning (septicaemia)
- Chronic infection that doesn’t respond well to treatment.
What complication of osteomyelitis is most likely to occur?
The most common complication in children with osteomyelitis is recurrence of bone infection.
What are potential complications associated with osteomyelitis?
Which part of the body does osteomyelitis affect?
Among children and teens, the long bones of the legs and arms are most frequently affected. In adults, osteomyelitis most often affects the vertebrae of the spine and/or the hips. However, extremities are frequently involved due to skin wounds, trauma and surgeries.
What are differential diagnosis for osteomyelitis?
Differential Diagnosis Charcot arthropathy especially in people with diabetes. SAPHO syndrome (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis) Arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis. Metastatic bone disease.
What is the pathophysiology of congestive heart failure?
Schematic Diagram Credits: Pathophysiology, Concepts and Applications for Health Care Professionals by Thomas J. Nowak and A. Gordon Hanford, 3rd Edition Two significant factors are considered when congestive heart failure pathophysiology is discussed. First, the heart is unable to clear itself with of the delivered blood.
What is the relationship between congestive heart failure and high output cardiac failure?
Uncontrolled tachyarrhythmias in patients with underlying congestive heart failure can promptly lead to CHF exacerbations. Another group of diseases associated with “congestive heart failure” leads to high-output cardiac failure.
Which radiographic findings are characteristic of congestive heart failure (CHF)?
Findings indicative of congestive heart failure on chest radiographs include enlarged cardiac silhouette, edema at the lung bases, and vascular congestion. In florid heart failure, Kerley B lines may be seen on chest radiographs. The absence of these findings in patients with clinical features of HF does not rule out CHF.
Why is understanding the pathophysiology of heart failure important?
The understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of heart failure is essential to initiate the adequate therapeutic option individually for each patient. Extensive trial evidence supports the use of guideline-directed medical therapy and device-based therapies for the optimal management of patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction only.