What is the vocative declension in Latin?
The vocative ending is the same as the nominative ending except in the singular of second declension masculine words that end in -us. To find the vocative form of these types of words, look at the stem. ex: The vocative form of filius is filii.
What is the 2nd declension of Latin?
The second declension is characterized by an “-o”. This is the declension you would use if you wanted to decline the name Aurelius as in Marcus Aurelius*. Second declension nouns in Latin are mostly masculine or neuter, but there are also feminine nouns that are declined like masculine ones.
What is the difference between nominative and vocative?
The vocative is distinct in singular and identical to the nominative in the plural, for all inflected nouns. Nouns with a nominative singular ending in -a have a vocative singular usually identically written but distinct in accentuation.
What is the vocative case for?
The Vocative Case is used to express the noun of direct address; that is, the person (or rarely, the place or thing) to whom the speaker is speaking; think of it as calling someone by name. In general, the Vocative singular form of a noun is identical to the Nominative singular.
What does vocative mean in Latin?
1 : of, relating to, or being a grammatical case (see case entry 1 sense 3a) marking the one addressed (such as Latin Domine in miserere, Domine “have mercy, O Lord”) 2 of a word or word group : marking the one addressed (such as mother in “mother, come here”) vocative.
What is 2nd in Latin?
English ordinals are words like “first”, “second”, “third”, expressed in Latin “primus,” “secundus,” “tertius.”
What is the second declension neuter?
The 2nd declension is subdivided into two different forms of noun, one ending in -us (predominantly masculine in gender) and a second ending in -um (invariably neuter). In each type, the BASE can be found by removing that final -us or -um.
What are the second declension endings in Latin?
What is a vocative grammar?
A vocative is a word or phrase used to address a reader or listener directly, usually in the form of a personal name, title, or term of endearment (Bob, Doctor, and Snookums, respectively). The person’s name or term of address is set off in the sentence with vocative commas.
Which languages have a vocative case?
Languages that regularly employ the vocative include Arabic, Bulgarian, Czech, Georgian, Greek, Hawaiian, Hindi, Irish, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Ojibwe, Polish, Romanian, Ruthenian/Rusyn, Sanskrit, Scottish Gaelic, Serbo-Croatian, Slovak, Tamil and Ukrainian.
How do you use vocative?
Latin words of the second declension are generally of masculine gender (ending in -us) or neuter gender (ending in -um), and have a genitive in -ī. Latin words borrowed from Ancient Greek’s second declension are inflected with a varying mixture of Greek and Latin endings.
What is the plural of vocative in Latin?
The plural vocative is the same as the nominative. As seen in filius, filiī, however, the vocative singular changes -ius and -ium nominative endings into an -ī, instead of changing the -us ending into an -e and the repeating the -um ending. deus, -ī m has several irregular plural forms.
Are nouns in Latin second declension masculine or feminine?
Second declension nouns in Latin are mostly masculine or neuter, but there are also feminine nouns that are declined like masculine ones. The nominative of neuter nouns will always be the same as the accusative.
What are the stem of nouns of the 2nd declension?
The Stem of nouns of the 2nd Declension ends in -ŏ. viro-(stem vir man) servo-(stem servusor servos slave) bello-(stem bellum war) a. The nominative is formed from the stem by adding sin masculines and feminines, and min neuters, the vowel ŏbeing weakened to ŭ(see § 6.a and § 46. Note 1). b.