How do you name a carbon side chain?
Alkanes with unbranched carbon chains are simply named by the number of carbons in the chain. The first four members of the series (in terms of number of carbon atoms) are named as follows: CH4 = methane = one hydrogen-saturated carbon. C2H6 = ethane = two hydrogen-saturated carbons.
What are the rules of nomenclature of carbon compounds?
The smaller of the two numbers designating the carbon atoms of the double bond is used as the double bond locator. If more than one double bond is present the compound is named as a diene, triene or equivalent prefix indicating the number of double bonds, and each double bond is assigned a locator number.
How do you label carbon numbers?
Carbon atoms are numbered beginning from the reactive end of the molecule, the CHO (aldehyde) or “C” double bonded “O” (carbonyl) end of the molecule. Each carbon atom is then numbered in order through the end of the chain.
How do you name side chains?
Steps for Naming Branched-Chain Alkanes
- Name the stem, the longest carbon chain first. The stem of the branched-chain alkane is named in the same way as you learned to name straight chain alkanes.
- Identify the branches that occur along the length of the stem (the longest carbon chain).
- Name each branch (or side chain).
What is the name of a 3 carbon side chain?
propane
Thus, the word “propane” indicates that there are three carbon atoms in the chain, all connected by single bonds.
What are the rules of naming compounds?
Molecular compounds are named with the first element first and then the second element by using the stem of the element name plus the suffix -ide. Numerical prefixes are used to specify the number of atoms in a molecule.
What is the name of a 4 carbon chain?
Butane
Straight-Chain and Branched Alkanes
| Table 1. Summary of the Straight-Chain Alkanes | ||
|---|---|---|
| Name | Formula | Number of Structural Isomers |
| Butane | C4H10 | 2 |
| Pentane | C5H12 | 3 |
| Hexane | C6H14 | 5 |
Do you count carbons from left to right?
For example, if you were to count the number of carbons directly from left to right in this molecule you would get 7 carbons. This is not the parent chain, however! If you start at the left and then count up where the molecule branches, you find that there are 8 carbons by taking this route.
How does carbon numbering work?
In order to be able to precisely define the position of these functional groups and also the carbon branches, a number is assigned to each carbon. The numbers should be assigned so that the carbon with the functional group or branch has the LOWEST number. The numbers may go from either left to right or vica versa.
What are the three rules for naming ionic compounds?
Rules for naming simple ionic compounds.
- Name the metal by its elemental name.
- Name the nonmetal by its elemental name and an -ide ending.
- Name polyatomic ions by their names.