What does NPC1L1 do?
NPC1L1 mediates intestinal cholesterol absorption and it may also limit hepatobiliary cholesterol excretion, particularly in humans. Thus, NPC1L1 may have evolved to protect the body against excessive loss of cholesterol, a structural component of the cell membrane.
What is the difference between mouse and human with regard to the tissue distribution of NPC1L1?
The tissue distribution of NPC1L1 expression differs among species. In humans, NPC1L1 is expressed in intestine, liver and other tissues, but in mice it is almost exclusively expressed in small intestine (6, 7, 11).
What does cholesterol bind to after it is transported across the apical membrane of the enterocyte?
After uptake into the enterocyte, cholesterol enters a metabolic pool that is regulated by ACAT2, whereas sitosterol and other plant sterols that are inefficient substrates for ACAT2 undergo efflux through ABCG5/G8.
Where is NPC1L1 found?
Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1) is a protein found on the gastrointestinal tract epithelial cells as well as in hepatocytes. Specifically, it appears to bind to a critical mediator of cholesterol absorption.
What is the mechanism of action of ezetimibe Zetia?
Mechanism Of Action Ezetimibe reduces blood cholesterol by inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol by the small intestine. In a 2-week clinical study in 18 hypercholesterolemic patients, ZETIA inhibited intestinal cholesterol absorption by 54%, compared with placebo.
What does high apolipoprotein A1 mean?
Clinical Information Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is the primary protein component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Elevated ApoB and decreased ApoA1 are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Is Zetia hard on the liver?
Also, Zetia use may cause increased liver enzyme levels, especially if it’s taken with a statin drug. Increased liver enzymes can be a sign of liver damage. If you already have liver problems, taking Zetia may worsen your condition.
Is A1 High apolipoprotein good?
High levels of apo A-I is considered protective and can be independent of HDL levels. There are some genetic disorders that lead to deficiencies in apo A-I (and therefore to low levels of HDL).
What causes elevated apolipoprotein?
Underactive thyroid. Kidney disease. Diabetes. Pregnancy, which causes temporarily high levels.
Can ezetimibe increase liver enzymes?
Hepatotoxicity. Therapy with ezetimibe alone or in combination with other lipid lowering agents is associated with a low rate of serum enzyme elevations (0.5% to 1.5%), but most elevations are self-limited and not associated with jaundice or symptoms.
Can ezetimibe raise liver enzymes?
Official Answer. Yes, Zetia (ezetimibe) can cause liver damage, although it is very rare. Monitor liver enzymes for the development of serious toxic hepatitis and consider ezetimibe discontinuation if it develops.