What is cross hybridization in microarray?
Definition. With respect to nucleic acids, “cross-hybridization” refers to the formation of double-stranded DNA, RNA, or DNA/RNA hybrids by complementary base pairing between two molecules that are not identical in sequence.
Does microarray use hybridization?
Introduction. Microarrays make the use of hybridization properties of nucleic acids to monitor Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or Ribonucleic acid (RNA) abundance on a genomic scale in different types of cells.
What are chips in microarray?
DNA microarrays are microscope slides that are printed with thousands of tiny spots in defined positions, with each spot containing a known DNA sequence or gene. Often, these slides are referred to as gene chips or DNA chips.
What does cross hybridization mean?
Cross-hybridization is the tendency for chains of nucleic acids to bind to other chains of nucleic acids that have similar but not identical sequences.
What is the process of hybridization?
​Hybridization Hybridization, as related to genomics, is the process in which two complementary single-stranded DNA and/or RNA molecules bond together to form a double-stranded molecule. The bonding is dependent on the appropriate base-pairing across the two single-stranded molecules.
How is hybrid obtained?
hybrid An organism produced by interbreeding of two animals or plants of different species or of genetically distinct populations within a species. Such offspring often possess genes passed on by each parent, yielding a combination of traits not known in previous generations.
How does microarray hybridization work?
The core principle behind microarrays is hybridization between two DNA strands, the property of complementary nucleic acid sequences to specifically pair with each other by forming hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotide base pairs.
What are gene chips?
Gene chips are postage stamp-sized glass wafers that contain half a million or more tiny cells. Each cell holds DNA from a different gene. This array makes it possible to carry out a very large number of genetic tests on a single sample of genomic DNA at one time.
How are microarray chips made?
In Situ-Synthesized DNA Microarrays The method relies on UV masking and light-directed combinatorial chemical synthesis on a solid support to selectively synthesize probes directly on the surface of the array, one nucleotide at a time per spot, for many spots simultaneously (Figure 1).
What does F1 mean?
F1 hybrid is a term used in genetics and selective breeding. F1 stands for Filial 1, the first filial generation seeds/plants or animal offspring resulting from a cross-mating of distinctly different parental types.
What is the main objective of hybridization?
The chief objective of hybridization is to create variation. When two genotypically different plants are crossed, the genes from both the parents are brought together in Fl. Segregation and recombination produce many new gene combinations in F2 and subsequent generations.
Why is hybridization important?
When thinking of chemical bonds, atoms do not use atomic orbitals to make bonds but rather what are called hybrid orbitals. Understanding the hybridization of different atoms in a molecule is important in organic chemistry for understanding structure, reactivity, and over properties.