What is the hallmark of mycetoma?
The granules, composed of colonies of causative organism, are hallmark of mycetoma and vary in size, color, and consistency depending on the etiological species. With time papules, pustules and nodules appear which also break down to form draining sinuses developing on the skin surface [Figure 2a and b].
Why is it called Madura foot?
The first modern description of Madura foot was made in 1842 from Madurai (the city after which the disease was named Madura-mycosis) in India, by Gill. The fungal cause of the disease was established in 1860 by Carter.
How do you collect and Analysed sample of mycetoma?
The diagnosis of mycetoma is based on clinical presentation and identification of the causative organisms which can be detected by directly examining the grains that are discharged by the sinuses. The samples can be obtained by Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) or surgical biopsy.
Is mycetoma and Madura foot same?
Mycetoma. Mycetoma, also called Madura foot, is a chronic granulomatous infection of the subcutaneous tissues along with invasion of the fascia, muscles and bone and, when an extremity is involved, enlargement of the affected area.
What is a Madura foot?
Introduction: Madura foot or mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous soft-tissue infection that is endemic to several regions of Africa and Asia. It may be of fungal (eumycetoma) or bacterial (actinomycetoma) origin, warranting therapy with either antifungal or antibacterial medication as well as surgery.
What bacteria causes mycetoma?
Mycetoma can be caused by bacteria (actinomycetoma) or fungi (eumycetoma). The number of people with mycetoma worldwide is not known, but there were 17,607 cases reported in a 2017 review of scientific articles between 1950 and 2017.
What causes mycetoma?
Mycetoma is a disease caused by certain types of bacteria and fungi found in soil and water. These bacteria and fungi may enter the body through a break in the skin, often on a person’s foot.
What is another name for mycetoma?
When caused by fungi, it is referred to as mycotic mycetoma or eumycetoma. When it is caused by bacteria, it usually involves infection by the actinomycetes group; such cases are called actinomycotic mycetoma or actinomycetoma.
What are grains in mycetoma?
Mycetoma is characterized by the formation of grains, which contain aggregates of the causative organisms that may be discharged onto the skin surface through multiple sinuses. The characteristic color of the grains can assist in the identification of the specific etiologic agent.
What are the types of mycetoma?
| Mycetoma | |
|---|---|
| Symptoms | Triad: painless firm skin lump, multiple weeping sinuses, grainy discharge |
| Usual onset | Slowly progressive |
| Types | Actinomycetoma (bacterial) Eumycetoma (fungal) |
| Diagnostic method | Ultrasound, fine needle aspiration |
What is the treatment for Madura foot?
The azole derivatives (itraconazole, ketoconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole and miconazole) as well as co-trimoxazole were the most commonly employed drugs for eumycetoma, with resolution of disease in 88% of included patients. Surgery was performed in a total of 21 patients with resolution of disease in all cases.
Which bacteria causes mycetoma?
Mycetoma can be caused by bacteria (actinomycetoma) or fungi (eumycetoma).