Which rootstock is best for apple?
M25 is the most vigorous apple rootstock. It produces a “standard” apple tree of up to 6m height after 10 years or so in good conditions, and is the best choice for old-fashioned traditional orchards, as well as locations with poor soils.
How important is the rootstock to the scion?
Rootstocks affect the tree size and vigour, fruit set, yield and quality of the scion. Rootstock also imparts winter hardiness and tolerance/resistance to biotic and abiotic stress to the scion. Similarly, scion has also effect on rootstock.
What is m111 rootstock?
M-111 Apple Rootstock is one of the most vigorous and well-adapted of apple rootstocks, M-111 is a semi-standard tree reaching 80% of standard tree’s height, or 15-25 ft. tall but can easily be kept at a manageable height with summer pruning. Tolerates, wet, dry, or poor soils and induces bearing at a young age.
Why do apple growers use rootstocks?
These trees are strong, vigorous growers and will produce the highest volume of fruit because of their ultimate size. Standard-sized apple rootstocks are chosen for their tolerance to a wide range of soil conditions, inherent cold tolerance, and disease resistance to scab, rust, and fire blight.
What is the smallest rootstock?
Fruit tree rootstocks and tree sizes
| Rootstock | Mature height | Spacing |
|---|---|---|
| M27 | Very small: 1.5m – 2m | 1.2m apart e.g. 5 trees in 7m |
| M9 | Small: 1.8m – 2.5m | 2.5m between trees |
| M26 | Medium: 2.2m – 3m | 3m or more between trees |
| MM111/M9 | Medium: about 3m | 3m + (12ft) between trees |
How do I choose rootstock?
Rootstocks should be chosen based on orchard site characteristics like soil type and climate, as well as apple variety, intended tree size, planting system (high density or low density), and disease resistance.
How do I choose rootstock for grafting?
What is the importance of rootstock?
Why do we use rootstock? Mostly to create very specific plant traits. Rootstock plants determine the longevity of the plant, resistance to pests and diseases, cold hardiness, fruit yield, and the size of the tree and its root system.
What is B9 rootstock?
Also known as B9, Bud. This dwarfing rootstock produces trees that are roughly the size of those on M.9, but it was bred for the winter weather of central Russia and is very cold hardy. Its red leaves and wood make it easy to spot graft failures in the nursery.
What is g41 rootstock?
Also known as Geneva 41. Slightly more dwarfing than M. 9, G. 41 might well be the perfect rootstock. It has excellent fruit size, induces wide branch angles, and reduces biennial bearing with Honeycrisp, giving it much greater cumulative yield than M.
Does rootstock produce fruit?
Most rootstocks will produce edible fruit if left to grow naturally, but the fruit is usually small and poorly flavored. The variety selected for the scion imparts the fruit characteristics such as size, color, and quality factors.
What makes a good rootstock?
Rootstock plants must have a close relation to the scion in order for the graft to be successful. An apple rootstock cannot be grafted with a pit fruit like cherry, for example. Grafters look for naturally growing trees, a naturally occurring plant mutation, or a genetically bred plant to use as rootstock.